Variation in Viscoelastic Properties of Pulmonary Mucus in Patients Undergoing Mechanical Ventilation

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is defined as an infection of the lung parenchyma in patients undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation for at least 48 hours. It is one of the types of pneumonia acquired in intensive care units (ICUs) and is one of the most common infections in this population, representing a major complication. The diagnosis of VAP is based on three main criteria: clinical suspicion, adiological imaging, and microbiological cultures of the lower respiratory tract. However, these elements have significant limitations. New rapid diagnostic techniques, such as multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR), can quickly identify pathogens and resistance mechanisms in just a few hours. These promising tools could reduce the time to initiate targeted treatment while limiting the excessive use of antibiotics. However, no single tool is currently accurate enough to diagnose VAP, and diagnosis is based on a combination of factors. Today, scores exist that can be used to assess the probability of PAVM, such as the CIPS. These are useful tools but lack specificity. The clinical, biological and radiological criteria used to calculate the score can also be observed in other pathologies. Thus, although they are sensitive to the detection of PAVM, they are often insufficient to establish a definitive diagnosis. They must be supplemented by other diagnostic approaches, such as microbiological cultures and more detailed imaging examinations, to obtain a more accurate as…

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Olivier BALDESI, Dr  ·  +33442339812  ·  obaldesi@ch-aix.fr

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